Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives

KCDC Risk Assessments on the Initial Phase of the COVID-19 Outbreak in Korea: Inho Kim, Jia Lee, Jihee Lee, Eensuk Shin, Chaeshin Chu, Seon Kui Lee; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2020;11(2):67-73. Published online April 30, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2020.11.2.02

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Objectives

This study aims to evaluate the risk assessments of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) in the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC), from the point of detection to the provision of basic information to the relevant public health authorities.

Methods

To estimate the overall risk of specific public health events, probability, and impact at the country-level were evaluated using available information. To determine the probability of particular public health events, the risk of importation and risk of transmission were taken into consideration. KCDC used 5 levels (“very low,” “low,” “moderate,” “high,” and “very high”) for each category and overall risk was eventually decided.

Results

A total of 8 risk assessments were performed on 8 separate occasions between January 8^th to February 28^th, 2020, depending on the detection and report of COVID-19 cases in other countries. The overall risk of the situation in each assessment increased in severity over this period: “low” (first), “moderate” (second), “high” (third), “high” (fourth), “high” (fifth), “high” (sixth), “high” (seventh), and “very high” (eighth).

Conclusion

The KCDC’s 8 risk assessments were utilized to activate national emergency response mechanisms and eventually prepare for the pandemic to ensure the containment and mitigation of COVID-19 with non-pharmaceutical public health measures.

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Estimation of the Size of Dengue and Zika Infection Among Korean Travelers to Southeast Asia and Latin America, 2016–2017: Chaeshin Chu, Een Suk Shin; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2019;10(6):394-398. Published online December 31, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2019.10.6.10

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Abstract PDF: Objectives
To estimate the number and risk of imported infections resulting from people visiting Asian and Latin American countries.
Methods
The dataset of visitors to 5 Asian countries with dengue were analyzed for 2016 and 2017, and in the Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam, imported cases of zika virus infection were also reported. For zika virus, a single imported case was reported from Brazil in 2016, and 2 imported cases reported from the Maldives in 2017. To understand the transmissibility in 5 Southeast Asian countries, the estimate of the force of infection, i.e., the hazard of infection per year and the average duration of travel has been extracted. Outbound travel numbers were retrieved from the World Tourism Organization, including business travelers.
Results
The incidence of imported dengue in 2016 was estimated at 7.46, 15.00, 2.14, 4.73 and 2.40 per 100,000 travelers visiting Philippines, Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia and Vietnam, respectively. Similarly, 2.55, 1.65, 1.53, 1.86 and 1.70 per 100,000 travelers in 2017, respectively. It was estimated that there were 60.1 infections (range: from 16.8 to 150.7 infections) with zika virus in Brazil, 2016, and 345.6 infections (range: from 85.4 to 425.5 infections) with zika virus in the Maldives, 2017.
Conclusion
This study emphasizes that dengue and zika virus infections are mild in their nature, and a substantial number of infections may go undetected. An appropriate risk assessment of zika virus infection must use the estimated total size of infections.

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Fallen Flowers: Hae-Wol Cho, Chaeshin Chu; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2016;7(5):279-280. Published online October 31, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2016.09.002

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What Would Be a Better Strategy for National University Hospital Management?: Hae-Wol Cho, Chaeshin Chu; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2016;7(3):139-140. Published online June 30, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2016.05.003

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Evaluation of Self-assessment in Cardiovascular Diseases Among Korean Older Population: Hae-Wol Cho, Chaeshin Chu; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2016;7(2):75-76. Published online April 30, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2016.03.001

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